Understanding+Phonics

P H O N I C S    || Phonics works with sound letter relationships to aid with reading and writing. It is the best known method to teach literacy in the English language. As Hill (2006, p208) mentions ‘sounds in English are represented by a single letter or combinations of letters. The alphabet consists of 26 letters with about 44 sounds of combinations. The knowledge of letters is the first step in the reader’s achievement. Gaining this knowledge then helps to represent sound to text. When starting the teaching of phonics it is best to start with the most easily identified letters such as ‘m’ according to Hill (2006, p210), from this children start to build word lists. The idea of phonics in learning to write and spell words it is important to ‘promote an investigation and exploration in order to encourage children to solve the phonics puzzle. || There are 5 stages according to Hill (2006) which aid in the effective teaching of phonics in reading and writing. These are: 
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 * =  U N D E R S <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: #ff5050; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">T <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: #c80005; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">A <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: #f82828; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">N <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: #f68986; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">D <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">I <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: #ff5050; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">N <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; COLOR: #c80005; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">G <span style="FONT-SIZE: 36pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Cooper Black','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 46.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">

**<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ¨     **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Letters of the Alphabet: **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> The knowledge of letters in the alphabet is the first step in the achievement of word recognition, through recognising written letters and sounds. Teaching approaches refer to the consonants and vowel associations. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> For an example of learning the sounds of the alphabet click to listen: ** <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">media type="file" key="Lettersofthealphabet -phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ¨  **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #ff5050; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Onset and rime word families: **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">can be used to help teach children word families and recognize new words**.** <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">An example of an onset and rime click to listen: media type="file" key="onsetandrime -phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ¨  **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #c70101; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Blends: **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> is the combination of two or more letters, consonant blends are grouped into two categories, the words which begin with single syllables consonant blends and words which end in consonant blends. For an example of blends click to listen: media type="file" key="blends- phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ¨  **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #f62a2a; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Digraphs and other letter combinations:  **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">this stage involves combinations of consonants and vowels that are two <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">letters that make a single sound. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">For an example click to listen: media type="file" key="digraphs-phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ¨  **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #f58a87; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Structural analysis: **<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> involves defining and making changes to word bases, plural, tense, prefixes, suffixes and compound words, these help to add inflectional endings. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: #f58a87; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">For an example click to listen: media type="file" key="structualanaylsis- phonics.WAV" || <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of Synthetic phonics : media type="file" key="synthetic phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of VAKT phonics (is visual, auditory, kinaesthetic, tactile sense): media type="file" key="VAKTphonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of Analytic phonics: media type="file" key="analytic phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Analogy: media type="file" key="analogy.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Word patterns: media type="file" key="word patterns.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Making words: media type="file" key="makingwords.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of Whole to part phonics: media type="file" key="whole to part phonics.WAV" <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">To listen to a definition of embedded phonics: media type="file" key="embedded phonics.WAV" ||
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-themecolor: text1">The order of teaching letters through phonics are based on the most common letters in words. Learning the letter sound connection is the first stage. It involves activities such as word hunts or letter sorts. The different approaches to teaching phonics include Synthetic phonics, VAKT phonics, Analytic phonics, Analogy, word patterns, making words, whole to part phonics and embedded phonics. Many teaches when teaching phonics will work with the different approaches through a range of activities and ideas.
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